Endless Summer: Landscape Design With Water Conservation

A journey to transform a garden and find beauty, serenity and sustainability.

Problem: An East-Coast garden under a California sky; soulless, uninviting and thirsty.

Solution: Start with a blank slate; then put nature back into your garden and rediscover its soul.

Water-wise front garden with boulders, flowering perennials and a stone wall

A while after moving into their Southern California home, it occurred to the homeowner how unwelcoming its existing landscape was: Its East-Coast style with lawn and roses didn’t work for this Ranch-style house with its striking architecture. Nor did it meet the homeowner’s desire to conserve water.

Ranch-style home with stone walls and a wooden gate, in black and white

This home, designed by Ken Ronchetti, whose architecture has a soft strength in its simplicity with a Frank Lloyd Wright feel, invited an “unclipped” and serene landscape that would thrive even with sparing amounts of water and that would incorporate California landscape elements: Clear skies and brilliant light, boulder-strewn valleys, deserts and water-wise native plants. Could succulents, California native and other water-wise plants, until then unknown to her, complement and hold up to this architecture?

Courtyard path under a mature Live Oak, edged with succulents and yellow groundcovers

My first priority as designer was to integrate the existing Live Oak and Paperbark Tree; both have reached a beautiful maturity and fit into the water-conservation model. The stone cladding of walls and pilasters create a strong element, so incorporating boulders would play up their strength.

We subdivided the area into separate spaces to be discovered on a path, so that a visitor is put into the landscape, not just viewing it from the sidelines.

Meandering path through California native shrubs, perennials and succulents

The path meanders past different planting scenes and invites you to stop at the bench under the Oak tree, to rest and contemplate a tapestry of perennials, woody California native shrubs and succulents that are endlessly entertaining and consume very little supplemental water.

The courtyard is walled and fenced in, so the landscape needed to stay open and allow a feeling of depth. Therefore the plant compositions stay mainly low, so that the eye can wander across the tapestry of interesting plants.

Bubbling boulder fountain surrounded by flowering groundcovers
A Yellow Warbler is visiting the bubbling boulder-fountain

Many beautiful boulders echo the rugged stone element used for walls, walkways, and pilasters. Among them a bubbling boulder is the focal point upon arrival. It is surrounded by plants that highlight its beauty and ruggedness.

Dry garden path with Mountain Lilac Ceanothus, agaves and boulders

The heavy downpour during a recent thunderstorm tricked a Mountain Lilac Ceanothus ‘Concha’ (on the right) into re-blooming several months after its first bloom this spring. It makes a lovely companion to other lower growing unthirsty plants.

Pink Geranium, Echeveria and Sundrops planted among boulders below a stone wall

It is a balancing act to create harmony and cohesion with a limited plant palette, but limiting it is important to avoid a hodgepodge and mere plant museum. Here, ‘Pink Spice’ Geranium Pelargonium ionidiflorum mingles with Echeveria ‘Ruffles’, Verbena ‘Little One’ Verbena bonariensis ‘Little One’, and Sundrops Calylophus drummondii, plants that I like to integrate again and again because of their many benefits: Unthirsty, need only occasional trimming back (Geranium and Sundrops), long-lasting flower show and “everlasting” form and texture (the succulents).

This garden is very much an experimental site: It is growing, evolving and confirms our trust in the future as the plants mature. Some of these plants, such as Blue Sedge Carex flacca, have shown to be the wrong choice for this garden (they never stopped sprawling). Finding the right amount of supplemental water is a bit of a challenge, as with varying sun exposure, tree canopies and roof overhang there are more individual watering zones than one might expect.

Sunset Jade beside a large boulder near a wooden gate

I’m passionate about juxtaposing different textures and forms to create tension and interest, so placing a wispy grass or delicate perennial next to a heavy boulder is a must. Also appealing to me is placing a fleshy succulent next to the rugged mass of a boulder; I feel that both complement each other, and although the Sunset Jade Crassula argentea in this picture can’t hold up to the sturdiness of the rock, it’s equally robust and ‘weighty’, and both heighten each other’s individual qualities.

Spanish Dagger Yucca beside the stone wall of a courtyard
A Spanish Dagger Yucca gloriosa complements the rugged material of this courtyard enclosure

It’s a privilege to keep an eye on this garden and help it mature with monthly maintenance. When I look at these photos and consider how these plants have grown since they were first planted, I feel the excitement again of caring for them, and I wonder, what will the garden mature into? Will the plants keep their promise?

I’m delighted by the garden’s serenity, and the homeowner’s words give me great joy: “You couldn’t have captured my vision any better.”

Photography by Emma Almendarez

Courtyard planting with a Ponytail Palm and flowering perennials
Christiane Holmquist

After 25 years in landscape design in the San Diego region, I moved my landscape design and consultation business to the Missoula area to be near my family. I offer residential landscape design and consultation, firmly believing in the value of Montana native or other climate-adapted, low-maintenance plants. I teach landscape design at the Lifelong Learning Center in Missoula and I’m a member of the Montana Native Plant Society.

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How to Escape the San Diego Garden Doldrums

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Getting Back To Nature - Xeriscape Landscaping with California Natives